fly6516
c208f07e28
- 增加训练轮数和批量大小，提高模型收敛速度- 调整学习率范围，加快训练进程 -增强数据增强技术，提高模型泛化能力 - 引入类别权重，解决类别不平衡问题- 优化优化器参数，提高模型训练效果
132 lines
4.2 KiB
Python
132 lines
4.2 KiB
Python
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"""
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YOLOv12 绝缘子检测优化训练脚本（最终稳定版）
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主要改进：
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1. 适配YOLOv12 参数规范
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2. 移除已弃用参数
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3. 优化训练配置
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"""
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import torch
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from ultralytics import YOLO
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import shutil
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import os
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import glob
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from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
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import numpy as np
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# +++ 有效参数配置区块 +++
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TRAIN_CONFIG = {
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"stage1": {
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"freeze": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], # 冻结前5层
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"epochs": 75, # 增加训练轮数
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"batch": 32, # 增加批量大小
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"lr0": 0.001, # 降低初始学习率
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"lrf": 0.1, # 提高最终学习率
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"hsv_h": 0.01, # 色相增强幅度
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"degrees": 10.0, # 增加旋转角度范围
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"perspective": 0.005, # 增加透视变换
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"flipud": 0.2, # 增加上下翻转概率
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"optimizer": "SGD", # 优化器类型
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"weight_decay": 0.001, # 权重衰减
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"label_smoothing": 0.1, # 标签平滑
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"mosaic": True, # 启用Mosaic增强
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"class_weights": [1.0, 2.0] # 设置类别权重，insulator权重更高
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},
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"stage2": {
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"epochs": 150, # 增加训练轮数
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"batch": 16, # 增加批量大小
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"lr0": 0.0001, # 降低初始学习率
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"lrf": 0.01, # 提高最终学习率
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"mixup": 0.2, # 增加MixUp增强系数
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"close_mosaic": 10, # 最后10epoch关闭Mosaic
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"optimizer": "AdamW", # 切换优化器为AdamW
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"warmup_epochs": 10 # 增大学习率预热轮数
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}
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}
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def enhanced_data_check():
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"""增强型数据验证（稳定版）"""
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print("\n=== 执行增强数据验证 ===")
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label_files = glob.glob("datasets/insulator/labels/*.txt")
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class_dist = {}
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# 类别分布分析
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for lbl in label_files:
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with open(lbl) as f:
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for line in f:
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class_id = int(line.strip().split()[0])
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class_dist[class_id] = class_dist.get(class_id, 0) + 1
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print(f"类别分布：{class_dist}")
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# 样本可视化（示例保留结构）
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sample_count = 3
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for i in range(sample_count):
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img_path = f"datasets/insulator/images/{i:04d}.jpg"
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lbl_path = f"datasets/insulator/labels/{i:04d}.txt"
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# 添加实际可视化逻辑
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def main():
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# 初始化模型（正确方式）
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model = YOLO("yolo12s.yaml") # 确保yaml文件存在
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# === 阶段一：冻结训练 ===
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print("\n=== 阶段一：特征提取层训练 ===")
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stage1_results = model.train(
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data="data.yaml",
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**TRAIN_CONFIG["stage1"],
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device=0,
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workers=4,
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box=5.0, # box损失权重
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cls=1.0, # 分类损失权重
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save_period=5, # 每5epoch保存检查点
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patience=20, # 早停等待周期
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deterministic=False # 禁用确定性模式
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)
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# === 阶段二：全网络微调 ===
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print("\n=== 阶段二：全网络微调 ===")
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stage2_results = model.train(
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data="data.yaml",
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**TRAIN_CONFIG["stage2"],
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resume=True, # 从上一阶段继续
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name="final_model", # 实验名称
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shear=1.5, # 剪切变换幅度
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copy_paste=0.05, # 复制粘贴增强
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erasing=0.1, # 随机擦除概率
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overlap_mask=False # 禁用掩码重叠
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)
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# === 模型验证 ===
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print("\n=== 最终模型验证 ===")
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metrics = model.val(
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data="data.yaml",
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conf=0.35, # 置信度阈值
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iou=0.65, # IoU阈值
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plots=True, # 生成评估图表
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half=False # 禁用半精度验证
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)
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# === 模型导出 ===
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print("\n=== 模型导出 ===")
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model.export(
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opset_version=15,
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format="onnx", # 优先导出ONNX
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# format="torchscript",
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dynamic=True, # 动态维度
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simplify=True # 简化模型
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)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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# 硬件优化配置
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torch.set_float32_matmul_precision('high')
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torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = True
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os.environ["CUBLAS_WORKSPACE_CONFIG"] = ":16:8"
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# 数据检查
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enhanced_data_check()
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# 启动训练
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main()
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